{"product_id":"clean-and-white-a-history-of-environmental-racism-in-the-united-states-9781479874378","title":"Clean and White: A History of Environmental Racism in the United States","description":"\u003cp\u003eClean and White offers a history of environmental racism in the United States focusing on constructions of race and hygiene  When Joe Biden attempted to compliment Barack Obama by calling him clean and articulate  he unwittingly tapped into one of the most destructive racial stereotypes in American history. This book tells the history of the corrosive idea that whites are clean and those who are not white are dirty. From the age of Thomas Jefferson to the Memphis Public Workers strike of 1968 through the present day  ideas about race and waste have shaped where people have lived  where people have worked  and how American societys wastes have been managed.  In the wake of the civil war  as the nation encountered emancipation  mass immigration  and the growth of an urbanized society  Americans began to conflate the ideas of race and waste. Certain immigrant groups took on waste management labor  such as Jews and scrap metal recycling  fostering connections between the socially marginalized and refuse. Ethnic purity was tied to pure cleanliness  and hygiene became a central aspect of white identity.  Carl A. Zimring here draws on historical evidence from statesmen  scholars  sanitarians  novelists  activists  advertisements  and the United States Census of Population to reveal changing constructions of environmental racism. The material consequences of these attitudes endured and expanded through the twentieth century  shaping waste management systems and environmental inequalities that endure into the twenty-first century. Today  the bigoted idea that non-whites are dirty remains deeply ingrained in the national psyche  continuing to shape social and environmental inequalities in the age of Obama.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":67598802223157,"sku":"ByrdShop_147987437X","price":28.01,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9781479874378.jpg?v=1790933237","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/clean-and-white-a-history-of-environmental-racism-in-the-united-states-9781479874378","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}