{"product_id":"the-arab-spring-pathways-of-repression-and-reform-9780199660070","title":"The Arab Spring: Pathways of Repression and Reform","description":"\u003cp\u003eSeveral years after the Arab Spring began  democracy remains elusive in the Middle East. The Arab Spring that resides in the popular imagination is one in which a wave of mass mobilization swept the broader Middle East  toppled dictators  and cleared the way for democracy. The reality is that few Arab countries have experienced anything of the sort. While Tunisia made progress towards some type of constitutionally entrenched participatory rule  the other countries that overthrew their rulers-Egypt  Yemen  and Libya-remain mired in authoritarianism and instability. Elsewhere in the Arab world uprisings were suppressed  subsided or never materialized.  The Arab Springs modest harvest cries out for explanation. Why did regime change take place in only four Arab countries and why has democratic change proved so elusive in the countries that made attempts? This book attempts to answer those questions. First  by accounting for the full range of variance: from the absence or failure of uprisings in such places as Algeria and Saudi Arabia at one end to Tunisias rocky but hopeful transition at the other. Second  by examining the deep historical and structure variables that determined the balance of power between incumbents and opposition.  Brownlee  Masoud  and Reynolds find that the success of domestic uprisings depended on the absence of a hereditary executive and a dearth of oil rents. Structural factors also cast a shadow over the transition process. Even when opposition forces toppled dictators  prior levels of socioeconomic development and state strength shaped whether nascent democracy  resurgent authoritarianism  or unbridled civil war would follow.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45646890991669,"sku":"ByrdShop_0199660077","price":30.04,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9780199660070.jpg?v=1781680339","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/the-arab-spring-pathways-of-repression-and-reform-9780199660070","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}