{"product_id":"the-biopsychosocial-approach-past-present-future-9781580461023","title":"The Biopsychosocial Approach: Past  Present  Future","description":"\u003cp\u003eFor thousands of years  Western culture has dichotomized science and art  empiricism and subjective experience  and biology and psychology. In contrast with the prevailing view in philosophy  neuroscience  and literary criticism  George Engel  an internist and practicing physician  published a paper in the journal Science in 1977 entitled \"The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine.\" In the context of clinical medicine  Engel made the deceptively simple observation that actions at the biological  psychological  and social level are dynamically interrelated and that these relationships affect both the process and outcomes of care. The biopsychosocial perspective involves an appreciation that disease and illness do not manifest themselves only in terms of pathophysiology  but also may simultaneously affect many different levels of functioning  from cellular to organ system to person to family to society. This model provides a broader understanding of disease processes as encompassing multiple levels of functioning including the effect of the physician-patient relationship. This book  which contains Engels seminal article  looks at the continuing relevance of his work and the biopsychosocial model as it is applied to clinical practice  research  and education and administration. Contributors include: Thomas Inui  Richard Frankel  Timothy Quill  Susan McDaniel  Ronald Epstein  Peter LeRoux  Diane Morse  Anthony Suchman  Geoffrey Williams  Frank deGruy  Robert Ader  Thomas Campbell  Edward Deci  Moira Stewart  Elaine Dannefer  Edward Hundert  Lindsey Henson  Robert Smith  Kurt Fritzsche  Manfred Cierpka  Michael Wirsching  Howard Beckman  and Theodore Brown.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":67909899911221,"sku":"ByrdShop_1580461026","price":246.76,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9781580461023.jpg?v=1794202554","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/the-biopsychosocial-approach-past-present-future-9781580461023","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}