{"product_id":"the-first-computershistory-and-architectures-history-of-computing-9780262681377","title":"The First Computers--History and Architectures (History of Computing)","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis history of computing focuses not on chronology (what came first and who deserves credit for it) but on the actual architectures of the first machines that made electronic computing a practical reality. The book covers computers built in the United States  Germany  England  and Japan. It makes clear that similar concepts were often pursued simultaneously and that the early researchers explored many architectures beyond the von Neumann architecture that eventually became canonical. The contributors include not only historians but also engineers and computer pioneers. An introductory chapter describes the elements of computer architecture and explains why \"being first\" is even less interesting for computers than for other areas of technology. The essays contain a remarkable amount of new material  even on well-known machines  and several describe reconstructions of the historic machines. These investigations are of more than simply historical interest  for architectures designed to solve specific problems in the past may suggest new approaches to similar problems in todays machines. Contributors Titiimaea F. Alailima  Lin Ping Ang  William Aspray  Friedrich L. Bauer  Andreas Brennecke  Chris P. Burton  Martin Campbell-Kelly  Paul Ceruzzi  I. Bernard Cohen  John Gustafson  Wilhelm Hopmann  Harry D. Huskey  Friedrich W. Kistermann  Thomas Lange  Michael S. Mahoney  R. B. E. Napper  Seiichi Okoma  Hartmut Petzold  Ral Rojas  Anthony E. Sale  Robert W. Seidel  Ambros P. Speiser  Frank H. Sumner  James F. Tau  Jan Van der Spiegel  Eiiti Wada  Michael R. Williams\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45789774839861,"sku":"ByrdShop_0262681374","price":54.6,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9780262681377.jpg?v=1784697866","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/the-first-computershistory-and-architectures-history-of-computing-9780262681377","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}