{"product_id":"the-handbook-the-encheiridion-hackett-classics","title":"The Handbook (The Encheiridion) (Hackett Classics)","description":"\u003cp\u003eFrom the Introduction: \"Stoic philosophy  of which Epictetus (c. a.d. 50130) is a representative  began as a recognizable movement around 300 b.c. Its founder was Zeno of Cytium (not to be confused with Zeno of Elea  who discovered the famous paradoxes). He was born in Cyprus about 336 b.c.  but all of his philosophical activity took place in Athens. For more than 500 years Stoicism was one of the most influential and fruitful philosophical movements in the Graeco-Roman world. The works of the earlier Stoics survive only in fragmentary quotations from other authors  but from the Renaissance until well into the nineteenth century  Stoic ethical thought was one of the most important ancient influences on European ethics  particularly because of the descriptions of it by Cicero  through surviving works by the Stoics Seneca  Marcus Aurelius  and also Epictetus--and also because of the effect that it had had in antiquity  and continued to have into the nineteenth century  on Christian ethical views. Nowadays an undergraduate or graduate student learning about ancient philosophy in a university course may well hear only about Plato and Aristotle  along perhaps with the presocratics; but in the history of Western thought and education this situation is somewhat atypical  and in most periods a comparable student would have learned as much or more about Stoicism  as well as two other major ancient philosophical movements  Epicureanism and Scepticism. In spite of this lack of explicit acquaintance with Stoic philosophers and their works  however  most students will recognize in Epictetus various ideas that are familiar through their effects on other thinkers  notably Spinoza  in our intellectual tradition.\"\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44946734841909,"sku":"ByrdShop_0872200493","price":84.13,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9780872200494.jpg?v=1769963955","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/the-handbook-the-encheiridion-hackett-classics","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}