{"product_id":"the-machinery-of-criminal-justice-9780195374681","title":"The Machinery of Criminal Justice","description":"\u003cp\u003eTwo centuries ago  the American criminal justice was run primarily by laymen. Jury trials passed moral judgment on crimes  vindicated victims and innocent defendants  and denounced the guilty. But over the last two centuries  lawyers have taken over the process  silencing victims and defendants and  in many cases  substituting a plea-bargaining system for the voice of the jury. The public sees little of how this assembly-line justice works  and victims and defendants have largely lost their day in court. As a result  victims rarely hear defendants express remorse and apologize  and defendants rarely receive forgiveness. This lawyerized machinery has purchased efficient  speedy processing of many cases at the price of sacrificing softer values  such as reforming defendants and healing wounded victims and relationships. In other words  the U.S. legal system has bought quantity at the price of quality  without recognizing either the trade-off or the great gulf separating lawyers and laymens incentives  interests  values  and powers.  In The Machinery of Criminal Justice  author Stephanos Bibas surveys these developments over the last two centuries  considers what we have lost in our quest for efficient punishment  and suggests ways to include victims  defendants  and the public once again. These ideas range from requiring convicts to work or serve in the military  to moving power from prosecutors to restorative sentencing juries. Bibas argues that doing so might cost more  but it would better serve criminal procedures interests in denouncing crime  vindicating victims  reforming wrongdoers  and healing the relationships torn by crime.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"My Store","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45648122347573,"sku":"ByrdShop_0195374681","price":90.21,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0627\/8139\/0901\/files\/9780195374681.jpg?v=1781709962","url":"https:\/\/atxbooks.com\/products\/the-machinery-of-criminal-justice-9780195374681","provider":"ATX Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}