Down from Olympus: Archaeology and Philhellenism in Germany 1750-1970

About this book

Since the publication of Eliza May Butlers Tyranny of Greece over Germany in 1935 the obsession of the German educated elite with the ancient Greeks has become an accepted if severely underanalyzed clich. In Down from Olympus Suzanne Marchand attempts to come to grips with German Graecophilia not as a private passion but as an institutionally generated and preserved cultural trope. The book argues that nineteenth-century philhellenes inherited both an elitist normative aesthetics and an ascetic scholarly ethos from their Romantic predecessors; German "neohumanists" promised to reconcile these intellectual commitments and by so doing to revitalize education and the arts. Focusing on the history of classical archaeology Marchand shows how the injunction to imitate Greek art was made the basis for new state-funded cultural institutions. Tracing interactions between scholars and policymakers that made possible grand-scale cultural feats like the acquisition of the Pergamum Altar she underscores both the gains in specialized knowledge and the failures in social responsibility that were the distinctive products of German neohumanism. This book discusses intellectual and institutional aspects of archaeology and philhellenism giving extensive treatment to the history of prehistorical archaeology and German "orientalism." Marchand traces the history of the study excavation and exhibition of Greek art as a means to confront the social cultural and political consequences of the specialization of scholarship in the last two centuries.