Petronius: Satyricon; Seneca: Apocolocyntosis (Loeb Classical Library No. 15)

Petronius (C. or T. Petronius Arbiter) who is reasonably identified with the author of this famous satyric and satiric novel was a man of pleasure and of good literary taste who flourished in the times of Claudius (4154 CE) and Nero (5468). As Tacitus describes him he used to sleep by day and attend to official duties or to his amusements by night. At one time he was governor of the province of Bithynia in Asia Minor and was also a consul showing himself a man of vigour when this was required. Later he lapsed into indulgence (or assumed the mask of vice) and became a close friend of Nero. Accused by jealous Tigellinus of disloyalty and condemned with self-opened veins he conversed lightly with friends dined drowsed sent to Nero a survey of Neros sexual deeds and so died 66 CE. The surviving parts of Petroniuss romance Satyricon mix philosophy and real life prose and verse in a tale of the disreputable adventures of Encolpius and two companions Ascyltus and Giton. In the course of their wanderings they attend a showy and wildly extravagant dinner given by a rich freedman Trimalchio whose guests talk about themselves and life in general. Other incidents are a shipwreck and somewhat lurid proceedings in South Italy. The work is written partly in pure Latin but sometimes purposely in a more vulgar style. It parodies and otherwise attacks bad taste in literature pedantry and hollow society. Apocolocyntosis "Pumpkinification" (instead of deification) is probably by Seneca the wealthy philosopher and courtier (ca. 4 BCE65 CE). It is a medley of prose and verse and a political satire on the Emperor Claudius written soon after he died in 54 CE and was deified.